| Глава 15. Страница руководства debmake(1) | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
 |
|
| Глава 15. Страница руководства debmake(1) | ||
|---|---|---|
| |
|
|
Содержание
debmake [-h] [-n | -a package-version.orig.tar.gz | -d | -t ] [-p package] [-u version] [-r revision] [-z extension] [-b "binarypackage[:type], …]" [-e [email protected]] [-f "firstname lastname"] [-i "buildtool" | -j] [-m] [-o file] [-q] [-s] [-v] [-w "addon, …"] [-x [01234]] [-y] [-T] [-B]
debmake помогает собрать пакет Debian из исходного кода основной ветки разработки. Обычно это делается следующим образом:
Make sure to protect the arguments of the -b, -f, and -w options from shell interference by quoting them properly.
Recently, the upstream may release its source code using the Git repository only without the tarball. debmake can offer a way to work with this situation:
Other tools also offer ways to obtain the upstream tarball and creating required symlink to build a Debian package depending on your workflow. For example, origtargz, mk-origtargz, git-deborig, and pristine-tar.
make a native Debian source package without .orig.tar.gz. This makes a Debian source format «3.0 (native)» package.
If you are thinking of packaging a Debian-specific source tree with debian/ in it into a native Debian package, please think otherwise. You can use the «debmake -d -i debuild» or «debmake -t -i debuild» commands to make a Debian non-native package using the Debian source format «3.0 (quilt)» The only difference is that the debian/changelog file must use the non-native version scheme: version-revision. The non-native package is more friendly to downstream distributions.
использовать непосредственно tar-архив с исходным кодом основной ветки. (отменяются опции -p, -u, -z)
The upstream tarball may be specified as package_version.orig.tar.gz and tar.gz. For other cases, it may be tar.bz2, or tar.xz.
Если в имени указанного tar-архива основной ветки содержатся буквы в верхнем регистре, то в имени пакета Debian они будут преобразованы в буквы нижнего регистра.
If the specified argument is the URL (http://,
https://, or ftp://) to the upstream
tarball, the upstream tarball is downloaded from the URL using wget or curl.
run the «make dist» command equivalents first to generate the upstream tarball and use it.
The «debmake -d» command is
designed to run in the package/ directory hosting the
upstream VCS with the build system supporting the «make dist» command equivalents.
(automake/autoconf, …)
run the «tar» command to generate the upstream tarball and use it.
The «debmake -t» command is designed to run in the package/ directory hosting the upstream VCS. Unless you provide the upstream version with the -u option or with the debian/changelog file, a snapshot upstream version is generated in the 0\~%y%m%d%H%M format, e.g., 0~1403012359, from the UTC date and time. The generated tarball excludes the debian/ directory found in the upstream VCS. (It also excludes typical VCS directories: .git/, .hg/, .svn/, .CVS/.)
set the binary package specs by a comma separated list of binarypackage:type pairs. Here, binarypackage is the binary package name, and the optional type is chosen from the following type values:
The pair values in the parentheses, such as (any, foreign), are the Architecture and Multi-Arch stanza values set in the debian/control file. In many cases, the debmake command makes good guesses for type from binarypackage. If type is not obvious, type is set to bin.
Here are examples for typical binary package split scenarios where the upstream Debian source package name is foo:
Generating an executable binary package foo:
Generating an executable (python3) binary package python3-foo:
Generating a data package foo:
Generating a executable binary package foo and a documentation one foo-doc:
Generating a executable binary package foo, a library package libfoo1, and a library development package libfoo-dev:
Если содержимое дерева исходного кода не совпадает с настройками поля тип, то команда debmake выводит предупреждение.
установить адрес электронной почты.
По умолчанию берётся значение переменной окружения $DEBEMAIL.
установить имя и фамилию.
По умолчанию берётся значение переменной окружения $DEBFULLNAME.
invoke "buildtool" at the end of execution. buildtool may be «dpkg-buildpackage», «debuild», «sbuild», etc.
По умолчанию никакая программа не выполняется.
Передача этой опции автоматически приводит к передаче опции --local.
запустить dpkg-depcheck для выявления сборочных зависимостей и определения путей файлов. Файлы журнала располагаются в родительском каталоге.
read optional parameters from file. (This is not for everyday use.)
The content of file is sourced as the Python code at the end of para.py. For example, the package description can be specified by the following file.
para['desc'] = 'program short description' para['desc_long'] = '''\ program long description which you wish to include. . Empty line is space + . You keep going on ... '''
добавить дополнительные аргументы опции --with команды dh(1) в качестве дополнений в файл debian/rules.
The addon values are listed all separated by «,», e.g., «-w "python3,autoreconf"».
For Autotools based packages, autoreconf as addon to run «autoreconf -i -v -f» for every package building is default behavior of the dh(1) command.
For Autotools based packages, if they install Python (version 3) programs, setting python3 as addon to the debmake command argument is needed since this is non-obvious. But for pyproject.toml based Python packages, setting python3 as addon to the debmake command argument is not needed since this is obvious and the debmake command automatically set it to the dh(1) command.
generate configuration files as templates. (Please note debian/changelog, debian/control, debian/copyright, and debian/rules are required configuration files to build a Debian binary package.)
The number n determines which configuration templates are generated.
Some configuration template files are generated with the extra .ex suffix to ease their removal. To activate these, rename their file names to the ones without the .ex suffix and edit their contents. Existing configuration files are never overwritten. If you wish to update some of the existing configuration files, please rename them before running the debmake command and manually merge the generated configuration files with the old renamed ones.
For a well behaving source, you can build a good-for-local-use installable single Debian binary package easily with one command. Test install of such a package generated in this way offers a good alternative to the traditional «make install» command installing into the /usr/local directory since the Debian package can be removed cleanly by the «dpkg -P '…'» command. Here are some examples of how to build such test packages. (These should work in most cases. If the -d option does not work, try the -t option instead.)
For a typical C program source tree packaged with autoconf/automake:
For a typical Python (version 3) module source tree:
For a typical Python (version 3) module in the package-version.tar.gz archive:
Для обычного модуля языка Perl в виде архива пакет-версия.tar.gz:
Для работы над пакетами может потребоваться установка некоторых дополнительных специализированных вспомогательных пакетов.
Although debmake is meant to provide template files for the package maintainer to work on, actual packaging activities are often performed without using debmake while referencing only existing similar packages and «Debian Policy Manual». All template files generated by debmake are required to be modified manually.
There are some points for debmake:
There are some limitations for what characters may be used as a part of the Debian package. The most notable limitation is the prohibition of uppercase letters in the package name. Here is a summary as a set of regular expressions:
[-+.a-z0-9]{2,}
[-+.a-z0-9]{2,}
[0-9][-+.:~a-z0-9A-Z]*
[0-9][+.~a-z0-9A-Z]*
See the exact definition in «Chapter 5 - Control files and their fields» in the «Debian Policy Manual».
debmake assumes relatively simple packaging cases. So all programs related to the interpreter are assumed to be «Architecture: all». This is not always true.
Сообщения об ошибках отправляйте с помощью команды reportbug для пакета debmake.
Набор символов в переменной окружении $DEBUG определяет уровень вывода журнала.
Use this feature as:
$ DEBUG=spd debmake ...
See README.md in the source for more.
Copyright © 2014-2026 Osamu Aoki <[email protected]>
The debmake-doc package provides the «Guide for Debian Maintainers» in plain text, HTML and PDF formats under the /usr/share/doc/debmake-doc/ directory.
See also licensecheck(1), lrc(1), dpkg-source(1), deb-control(5), debhelper(7), dh(1), dpkg-buildpackage(1), debuild(1), quilt(1), dpkg-depcheck(1), sbuild(1), gbp-buildpackage(1), and gbp-pq(1) manpages.
| |
|
|
| Глава 14. Дополнительные примеры |
|
Глава 16. debmake options |